In the wild, axolotls have plenty of predators. That includes certain species of birds that swoop down and lift them out of the water, as well as large fish like tilapia and perch.
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Habitat loss, pollution and invasive species are the primary reasons for the decline in axolotl numbers. For example, fish like perch and tilapia aren’t native to the waters of Lake Xochimilco, and these invasive species have had a massive impact on axolotl numbers.